Though a swift shutdown from late March through the end of July protected the country from a massive viral outbreak, COVID-19 nevertheless hit Thailand’s tourist-reliant economy hard. According to estimates, tourism accounts for up to 20% of the country’s GDP, and though many clubs and live music venues re-opened in August, the absence of international talent has forced them to re-think their daily operations.
“In some ways we’re in a lucky position,” says Jay Sriyuksiri, the co-founder of More Rice Records, who releases music as Sarayu. “Friends from abroad are struggling. One friend who just had his first gig since COVID messaged me and asked, ‘What works on a dancefloor now? It’s been so long.’ A lot of the big clubs are moving towards more mainstream music, so we’re struggling to find places to put on parties.”
In recent years, Thailand has made great strides in establishing itself as a global dance destination. For some outsiders looking in, the country may be synonymous with the hedonistic Full Moon Parties and EDM festivals. But the reality is something far more diverse. Innovative promoters have been ditching big clubs in favor of smaller, more intimate venues, while festivals like Wonderfruit and Karma Klique have successfully integrated experimental music as part of a holistic celebration of food, culture, and wellness.
“Bangkok has changed,” says Sunju Hargun, co-founder of Siamese Twins Records and a mainstay of the capital’s clubbing scene. “The days of walking out of a club at 6am are done, due to government restrictions. It might be that my tastes have changed and I’m more selective, but I think we’re at a new peak now, with small places like 12×12 and Studio Lam building a reputation for supporting good local music.”
During this time of adversity, adventurous record labels are springing up to redefine the region’s sonic palette and help Asian artists reach wider audiences. Labels like Siamese Twins, More Rice, and Cho Oyu are releasing music that’s as unique as it is challenging—and the world is starting to catch on. Whether turning inward to take club music in spiritually-informed ambient directions, embracing distinctly Asian sounds and values in their music, or making political statements through their craft, these labels are setting the tone for an exciting future.
Having bonded over a shared love of acid electronica, Bollywood movies, and gong healing, Hargun and Doudet have honed a sound that exists somewhere between ‘90s Goa trance and morning-after ambience. “I’m born in Thailand, but am half-Indian, and Jerome’s spent a lot of time in India,” Sunju says. “We both come from such different cultures, but both really love Indian culture, art, and food. We would talk about it every time we met. We decided to take the risk.”
Risk-taking is very much part of the label’s DNA. In Thailand, where pressing plants are scarce, even the decision to release music on vinyl presents a major hurdle. But so far, the risk is paying off. The label’s first three releases, including a cassette compilation and a 10” remix single, quickly sold out. “I had these fears of 100 records stuck sitting at home, but the response has blown us away,” Hargun says. “We’ve had a lot of sales from people in Australia, Europe, Japan. Music travels.”
Taking its name from Thailand’s Chang and Eng Bunker, the first medically documented case of conjoined twins, the label explores a nexus between electronic and ethnographic sounds. This Fourth World sensibility is captured on the compilation , which collects like-minded artists from Thailand, Japan, Vietnam, and China, mostly via connections forged at Karma events. Meaning “soul” in Thai, Vinyan promises a “warm and organic palette of sound textures from the east.” Whether it’s Que Sakamoto’s hypnotic house or Tommy Hanson’s modular meditations, the eight tracks traverse the kinetic and the blissful, the propulsive and the beat-less.
“With many artists here in Thailand, you find they take a lot of inspiration from the U.S. or UK,” Vandebeek says, “and that’s totally fine. But our idea is to go for sounds that are more rooted here.” Taychin, Sunju, and Vendebeek hope that the label can act as a connecting force between other forms of Asian art and culture. Taychin’s design, with its subversion of traditional motifs and curious easter eggs, feeds into this crate-digger’s approach. Then there’s the intro from Vinyan, Khun Fluff’s “วิญญาณ,” on which local singer Chucheewa recites an obscure Thai poem about reincarnation over an otherworldly soundscape of synths, chimes, and temple bells. The track has wormed its way onto mixes on platforms such as NTS Radio and Rinse FM, and the label has provided an English translation of the poem on its Bandcamp page.
“We’re a small label from Thailand and I think few would expect this kind of music to come out of here,” Hargun says. “But when you think about it, Thailand has had a history of psychedelic music for such a long time. Alongside Goa, Koh Phangan played an important role in the development of electronic music in the ‘80s and ‘90s. Our plan is to stay weird and to keep people guessing, ourselves included.”
“First and foremost, these artists are our friends,” says Jay Sriyuksiri, aka Sarayu, one of the label’s founders. “They’re friends we’ve connected with through music. We started work on it in April/May, and released it in September. It was a case of just being bored and calling each other up and saying, ‘Let’s do something.’”
Covering a wide expanse of electronic sound, most tracks on the compilation take their time to properly unfurl. Sometimes, the label’s Asian identity feeds heavily into the music: consider highlight “At The End of Time,” a collaboration between percussion duo The Hernandez Brothers and producer Lustbass, of the Philippines, an ecstatic compromise between beat-driven club sounds and meditative gamelan music.
Harvest Vol. 1 features spirited contributions from Sarayu and DOTT, aka Pakarapol “Top” Anantakritayathorn, who co-founded More Rice with Mikhail Schemm, also based in the Philippines. Another Thai innovator who appears on the compilation is Wong Echo, whose album , released via his own Forever 24 Records, is an enjoyable slab of punchy house and deeper ambient sounds. Fellow Bangkok resident Marmosets, whose ambient-techno opus “Mork” closes the comp, has also released politically-charged music decrying the lack of freedom in the local club scene.
Part of the impetus for starting More Rice was a desire to connect Asian producers with potential international remixers, but there’s plenty of local flavor to set More Rice’s music apart from its international counterparts. Take DOTT’s (meaning “little dog” in Thai), a deep and driven EP which comes sprinkled with retro Thai vocal samples and exotic melodies hidden in the mix. The label’s Asian roots manifest themselves in other, equally playful ways: “More Rice” comes from “khao perm,” a phrase chosen for its ubiquity at dining tables across Thailand. (Early merch aped Red Bull’s logo by replacing the butting bulls with two bowls of rice.)
“I think now it’s about localization, not globalization,” Jay says. “As we’re from Asia, we’re able to stand out from labels in Europe. Branding-wise, it’s important to have artwork that’s fun. If you’re too serious, you suck out the enjoyment.”
The label’s next step is a new Bangkok headquarters, which combines a record store, recording studio, and bar, and is set to open early this year. “We’re working hard on curating a unique selection, because finding electronic music in Thailand is just impossible,” Jay says. “There are a few shops with little selections, but it’s mostly in a tiny corner where you have to brush off all the dust.”
Top has an additional incentive to open the store: “When I’m DJing, people just meet me at the club and we don’t have much conversation, just on the surface level,” he says. “With the record shop, we’ll be able to come together and talk, share records, and share experiences.”
The mysterious ambient label Cho Oyu occupies a liminal space between the natural and digital worlds. Founder Lửa Channarong grew up in Dalat, Vietnam, and spent time in Seoul, South Korea, before settling in Bangkok, where he releases experimental music under the name Lửa.
“Because we were often moving places, I had to adapt to new situations very quickly and traveling became my fuel for life,” Lửa writes via email. “I studied music and geography—a funny combination, but one which has allowed me to travel all over the country. Wherever I go, I take my mobile studio with me, so I’m able to create sound even when I’m at the remotest jungle in the north or at a beach in the very south.”
The label consists of 8 to 10 artists from around Southeast Asia, mostly Thailand and Vietnam, who met at university in Bangkok. Even after releasing more than 10 albums of low-key, glimmering ambience, the label maintains a minimal online presence, one defined more by a striking aesthetic of lush jungle scenery than by the regular artist headshots.
“We’re more about transporting the listener than showcasing the individual. I’ve always felt a strong connection to greenery. Most people don’t realize that Bangkok is a very green city. The beauty of a pristine forest or the holiness of a mountain is what inspires me to make music,” Lửa says.
Named after a mountain in Tibet that fills Lua with “desire and yearning,” Cho Oyu is practically unknown to local listeners, but has built a growing online following thanks to its subtly enveloping soundscapes which combine field recordings, gently pulsing electronics, and traditional string instruments. Listeners may hear echoes of “kankyō ongaku,” Japan’s environmental music of the ‘70s and ‘80s, only more attuned to the tropics.
Lửa calls his sound “forestwave,” explaining, “ambient is such a big musical genre that I had to specify it a bit. It’s not like one day I made a decision to create ambient music. It just happened naturally. After growing up with music, and playing in several bands, it was the sound I found for myself. It’s the music I make when I am on the road and need to get something down.”
Cho Oyu’s artists rarely perform live, and Lửa admits his music is “100% for introspective listening.” These calming vignettes succeed where many faceless purveyors of “chill” flounder, living up to Brian Eno’s definition of ambient music as having to be “as ignorable as it is interesting.” Earlier this year, the label inked a deal to have its music included on the inflight entertainment playlist for Hawaiian Airlines. “That came out of the blue,” Lửa says. “Unfortunately, it was just as the pandemic hit Northern America, so I guess not many people have been able to listen to my music while looking at the clouds from above.”
In keeping with the label’s spirit, its other Bangkok-based artists also keep a low profile. There’s Khemkhaeng, who “sometimes makes surprise appearances with his gear in outside locations and plays a live set,” and Sutra Meji, who collaborated on Lửa’s album .
The label is currently gearing up for its first physical release, a cassette edition of Lửa’s produced in Taiwan, which is due to come out in January 2021. “I am an avid tape collector myself,” Lửa says, “and think it fits the album perfectly. It’s gonna be super-beautiful with special UV printing on the shell. Of course, vinyl would be more interesting, but unfortunately there is no budget for that. Yet.”
